PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.